Ụlọ nyocha nyocha nke ngalaba nke Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" na Krasnoyarsk Territory ewepụtala ụdị nyocha ọhụrụ - nchọpụta na njirimara nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa gbanwetụrụ (GMO) site na iji usoro mmeghachi omume polymerase n'oge.
Na ókèala nke Russian Federation, ọnụnọ nke GMO na nri na ọka nri na-achịkwa site na Nka na ụzụ Iwu nke Customs Union TR CU 015/2011 "Na nchekwa nke ọka"; ya mere, ịchịkwa ọdịnaya nke GMOs na ọka. bụ iwu. Ọzọkwa, dị ka iwu na mmepụta mkpụrụ (Federal Iwu No. 17.12.1997-FZ ụbọchị December 149, 11, dị ka emeziri na June 2021, XNUMX), na n'ókèala nke Russian Federation, a machibidoro iji maka ịgha mkpụrụ (ịkụ mkpụrụ). nke osisi ndị a gbanwere usoro mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa site na iji usoro mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa. Ugbu a, a kwadoro iwu ọhụrụ "Na mmepụta mkpụrụ" No. 454-FZ (na-arụ ọrụ na September 1, 2023), dịka nke a ga-anwale ihe niile mkpụrụ maka ọdịnaya GMO.
Ihe dị ndụ gbanwere mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa bụ ihe dị ndụ nke a gbanwere genotype ya site na iji usoro injinịa mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa iji nye ya ihe ndị a chọrọ. N'ọrụ ugbo, a na-eji injinịa mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa mepụta ụdị osisi ọhụrụ nke na-eguzogide ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi na-adịghị mma na pests, ma nwee uto dị mma na àgwà ụtọ.
Ụzọ kachasị mma maka ịchọpụta GMO na ngwaahịa nri na ọka bụ usoro mmeghachi omume polymerase (PCR). Nke a bụ usoro nwere mmetụta nke ukwuu na nke ziri ezi dabere na ntinye nhọrọ ugboro ugboro nke otu akụkụ DNA nucleic acid site na iji enzymes n'okpuru ọnọdụ arụrụ arụ (in vitro). PCR na-enye gị ohere ịchọta n'ime ihe a na-amụ na obere akụkụ nke ozi mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa dị na usoro DNA nucleotides nke ihe ọ bụla n'ime ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke akụkụ DNA ndị ọzọ wee mụbaa ya ọtụtụ ugboro.
N'ime ụlọ nyocha nyocha nke alaka ụlọ ọrụ Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" na Krasnoyarsk Territory, a na-arụ ọrụ na-ewepụta DNA site na ihe ọkụkụ na ịrụ ọrụ PCR site na iji ngwá ọrụ kachasị ọhụrụ nke na-emezu ihe achọrọ nke ịhazi ụlọ nyocha PCR. Amplification (nhazi nke ọtụtụ mbipụta nke chromosomal DNA ngalaba) ka a na-eme site na iji amplifier ANK-M, nke gụnyere n'akwụkwọ ndekọ nke ihe atụ nke Arshin FSIS usoro. Ngwa ahụ nwere ihe mgbochi thermoblock nke na-edobe okpomọkụ achọrọ maka mmeghachi omume ahụ ma mee ya site na iji microcomputer arụnyere arụnyere, ma nwee ihe nrịbama ọkụ na-edekọ mgbaàmà fluorescent sitere na ngwakọta mmeghachi omume iji kpakọta mkpokọta ngwaahịa PCR.
A na-eme PCR site na iji ngwa reagent nwere oke (ihe karịrị 90%) arụmọrụ nke mmeghachi omume PCR, mmetụta dị elu na nkọwapụta maka nchọpụta nke GMOs, na-ezute ihe mba ụwa chọrọ maka paramita nke njedebe nke nchọpụta (LOD) na njedebe nke quntitation. (LOQ), nwere njikwa dị mma n'ime (VPK), nke na-enye ohere iwepụ nsonaazụ ọjọọ ụgha.
Nzọụkwụ mbụ nke nyocha iji chọpụta GMO bụ nyocha GMO - nyocha zuru oke iji chọpụta DNA osisi ma chọpụta ihe mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa kpọmkwem - ụfọdụ usoro nchịkwa (ndị na-akwalite na njedebe) na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa. Ọ bụrụ na achọpụtara nke ọ bụla n'ime ihe ndị a, a na-achọpụta ahịrị mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa gbanwere nke ụdị osisi a kapịrị ọnụ.
N'ime ụlọ nyocha nyocha nke ngalaba nke Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" na mpaghara Krasnoyarsk, a na-eme nchọpụta iji chọpụta GMO na nri na nri ọka na mkpụrụ osisi ugbo. A na-arụ ọrụ ahụ site n'aka ndị ọkachamara a zụrụ azụ na isiokwu bụ "Ihe ndabere nke ikpebi GMO na ngwaahịa sitere na osisi sitere na iji PCR oge" na Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Center for Assessment of Safety and Quality of Grain and Its" Ngwaahịa nhazi" na mpaghara Moscow.
Ya mere, ndị ọkachamara n'ụlọ nyocha nyocha enwetala usoro ọhụrụ, nke ọgbara ọhụrụ na nke na-ekwe nkwa maka nyocha ihe ọkụkụ maka ọdịnaya GMO. N'ọdịnihu, a na-eme atụmatụ itinye usoro a na njedebe nke nzere nke ụlọ nyocha nyocha site na usoro nzere ikike nke Russia.