Ịkụ poteto na-amalite n'ugbo na n'ime ụlọ okpomọkụ. Ka anyị na-echeta isi nkebi nke tuber nkwadebe ọnụ na ndị ọkachamara na-anwale anyị ihe ọmụma
Ndị ọrụ nke Russian Agricultural Center si Karachay-Cherkessia na-agwa otu esi ezere mmejọ ma nweta ihe ubi bara ụba.
N'inweta mkpụrụ nduku dị elu ma na-adigide, ịdị mma nke tubers na nkwadebe mbido ha maka ịkụ ihe na-ekere òkè dị mkpa.
Mkpụrụ nduku na-amalite na-akwado ya ọdịda, mgbe ejuputa mkpụrụ anoghi n'ulo oba, na-ahọpụta ike, ọkara-sized tubers.
Ịhazi oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ anaghị ahapụ gị na nhazi nduku nke mmiri, nke a na-eme tupu oge eruo - tupu ị kụọ tubers ma ọ bụ tupu ịtọ ha ala maka germination.
Sprouting tubers bụ otu n'ime ụzọ isi kwadebe poteto maka ịkụ ihe. Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ị nweta ọkụ ọkụ, mgbe ahụ, a na-eme ya n'ime ụlọ na-egbuke egbuke na okpomọkụ nke 12-14 Celsius C n'ehihie, 6-8 Celsius C n'abalị. Site na njedebe nke oge ahụ, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-epulite 1-2 mm ogologo ga-apụta na tubers. Nke a pụtara na poteto dị njikere ịkụ.
Enwere ụzọ ndị ọzọ esi akwadebe poteto maka ịkụ ihe nke a na-eji na ugbo ugbo. Ndị a na-agụnye ikpo ọkụ na ihicha nke tubers, nhazi ala, ọgwụgwọ na ọgwụ nje, ihe na-akpali akpali na ngwakọta tank na ọgwụ pesticides.
Ọ bụ ihe amamihe na-akụ poteto na tubers nke mkpokọta nha nha nha na nha.
Ojiji nke tubers na-edoghị anya na-eduga na sparseness, variegation nke seedlings, na, n'ihi ya, na mbelata nke ọnụ ọgụgụ nke seedlings, nke na-ebelata mkpụrụ nduku osisi.
Na ogologo ojiji nke akọ nduku iche, nsogbu nke ọrịa nke tubers na pathogens nke ọrịa ndị dị ka rhizoctonia, nkịtị skaab, ọlaọcha skaab, fusarium, mbubreyo blight na ndị ọzọ na-aghọ ndị ọzọ nnukwu.
Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa iji nlezianya dozie mkpụrụ osisi nduku. Ma naanị mgbe ahụ malite etching.
Iji luso ọrịa tuber ọgụ nke ọrịa ala-tuber kpatara, a na-eji nkwadebe fungicidal otu akụkụ, mana nkwadebe siri ike nke fungicidal na ihe na-arụ ọrụ ụmụ ahụhụ ka mma.
Ọgwụgwọ nke ukwuu na-ebelata ohere nke ọrịa nduku na mmebi pesti.
Ọgwụgwọ tupu ịkụ tubers na ụmụ ahụhụ na-enye gị ohere ịhapụ ọgụ megide ebe nduku Colorado n'oge oge na-eto eto kpamkpam ma ọ bụ mee ka ọ laghachi azụ na njedebe nke oge na-eto eto. Maka ebumnuche ndị a, enwere ike iji nkwadebe ụmụ ahụhụ.
Tupu akuku disinfection nke tubers na ugbo nwere ike rụrụ tupu akuku, nakwa dị ka ozugbo n'oge akuku, na nduku planter coulters akpan onwem na spraying akụrụngwa.
Osisi n'oge na dịka iwu niile si dị!
Ọ dị oke mkpa ịkụ poteto n'oge kachasị mma, nke ga-ekwe ka osisi nduku mepụta usoro mgbọrọgwụ siri ike ma tolite nke ọma. Osisi ndị dị otú ahụ na-etolite tubers ngwa ngwa wee ruo ntozu okè, ya mere, na-eme ka o kwe omume ịmalite owuwe ihe ubi na mbụ.
Iji chọpụta oge ịkụ poteto, ọ dị mkpa iburu n'uche na tuber na-amalite ịmalite mgbe ala okpomọkụ na-agafe 3-5 ° C, usoro a na-arụkwa ọrụ na 6-8 ° C. Ya mere, ị nwere ike ịmalite ịkụ poteto mgbe ala dị omimi nke 8-10 cm ruru 3-5 ° C. N'ụbọchị mmiri, okpomọkụ nke ala na-abawanye ngwa ngwa na ntụgharị gaa na usoro kachasị mma (6-8 Celsius) na-emekarị n'ime ụbọchị 5-6.
Akuku omimi nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na nhazi nduku mkpụrụ. Mgbe ị na-ahọrọ omimi nke ihe ọkụkụ, a ga-eduzi gị site na iwu na-esonụ: mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na ihu igwe, ihe ọkụkụ na-emighị emi kwesịrị ịdị, na ntụgharị ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-ekpo ọkụ, ihe ọkụkụ kwesịrị ịdị omimi karị.
The njupụta nke nduku akuku kwesịrị otú ahụ na osisi na a nyere nri ebe nwere ike na-etolite ike akwukwo elu na mgbọrọgwụ usoro na-eme ka kasị mma ojiji nke anyanwụ ike na ala nri. Nduku eto mma ma ọ bụrụ na e nyere ahịrị ndị dị n'ebe ugwu-n'ebe ndịda (ma ọ bụ nso ya) direction, na osisi na-illuminated ọzọ evenly ofụri usen, na overheat obere n'oge ehihie awa na elu okpomọkụ. N'ihi ya, a na-ahụ mmụba nke mkpụrụ.
Ngwunye ihe ọkụkụ kacha mma maka poteto azụmaahịa dị n'etiti 45-55 puku bushes kwa hectare. N'ime oghere mkpụrụ, njupụta nke ihe ọkụkụ na-abawanye ruo 60-70 puku bushes kwa hectare iji mee ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke tubers dị elu.
(Isi mmalite: weebụsaịtị gọọmentị nke Federal State Budgetary Institution Russian Agricultural Center).
Gụchaa: https://www.agroxxi.ru/zhurnal-agromir-xxi/stati-rastenievodstvo/kak-podgotovit-klubni-kartofelja-k-posadke-i-sazhat-po-klimaticheskim-pravilam.html