Ala: 1 sq. km.
Ọnụ ọgụgụ: 3 ndị mmadụ, nke 723% bụ ndị bi na obodo.
Ọnọdụ ala: Mpaghara Tyumen dị na Western Siberia. Ọ dị n'ókè: na ndịda - na Kazakhstan, na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ - na Kurgan mpaghara, na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ - na Sverdlovsk mpaghara, n'ebe ugwu - na Khanty-Mansi kwụụrụ onwe Okrug, n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ - na Tomsk na Omsk mpaghara. .
Ihu igwe: sharply continental, na ala ikuku okpomọkụ n'oge oyi, ifufe nke ịrịba ọsọ na ngafe mmiri n'oge okpomọkụ. Isi ihe dị iche iche bụ ebe dị anya site n'Oké Osimiri Atlantik, oke mbara ala mepere emepe maka ịbanye ma ikuku Arctic oyi na ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ si Central Asia.
Nkezi okpomọkụ na Jenụwarị bụ -29°C, na Julaị: +18 Celsius. N'ebe etiti mpaghara ahụ okpomọkụ na January: -23 ° C, July: + 16-18 ° C; na ndịda -19-17°C na January, +19°C na July. Mmiri ozuzo sitere na 200 ruo 600 mm kwa afọ.
Permafrost juru ebe niile na ugwu. Oge na-eto eto bụ ụbọchị 50-162.
Enyemaka: mpaghara ahụ nwere ọtụtụ mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ Siberia. N'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, n'ime mpaghara ahụ enwere mkpọda ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Northern, Subpolar (ịdị elu ruo 1895 m, Ugwu Narodnaya) na Polar Urals. Akụkụ ahụ dị larịị bụ nke swam nke ukwuu, nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ ọdọ mmiri buru ibu.
Ala: ala soddy-obere podzolic bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị maka mpaghara ahụ; oké ọhịa nnu nnu; ọhịa isi awọ gbara ọchịchịrị solodized gleyish; ala ahịhịa juru; ala ahịhịa - chernozem solodized; ahịhịa-apiti.
N'ozuzu, a na-eji mpaghara ahụ eme mgbanwe ugboro ugboro nke ụdị ala dị iche iche na obere oghere. A na-akpọkarị nke a na mpaghara ọhịa-steppe.
Akụkụ kachasị mkpa nke ala nke ọhịa-steppe nke mpaghara Tyumen bụ salinity. Ala chernozem zonal gụnyere ahịhịa solonetzes, turf solonetzes, meadow solonchaks, ala ahịhịa-apiti, wdg òkè nke ala ndị a na ogige nwere ike iru 30-50%. Ala nke oke idei mmiri nke ndagwurugwu osimiri dịkwa mgbagwoju anya nke ukwuu. Ala nke idei mmiri juru ebe niile - ahịhịa, ahịhịa juru na ahịhịa ahịhịa.
Ala ubi ebe a na-akọ ugbo: 2 puku hectare.
A na-ekewa mpaghara Tyumen site na ọnọdụ ihu igwe siri ike na nke ihu igwe, mana n'otu oge ahụ, ha na-eme ka o kwe omume ịkụ poteto nke ọma ma nye ndị bi na mpaghara ahụ ngwaahịa ahụ.
Ụlọ ọrụ ugbo 97 na-arụ ọrụ mmepụta nduku na mpaghara ahụ. Ha na-enweta ihe dịka 40% nke mkpokọta ngwaahịa a kụrụ na mpaghara ahụ. Oke owuwe ihe ubi nduku kwa afọ na ngalaba mmepụta ihe karịrị puku tọn 200.
Ya mere, na 2018, a kụrụ hectare 8 nke poteto, na-amịpụta puku tọn 923 nke nnukwu owuwe ihe ubi na mkpụrụ nke hectare 238,9.
Maka ntụnyere: na 2017, ebe a na-akụ ihe ọkụkụ dị na ọkwa 8,7 puku hectare, ọ ga-ekwe omume ịnakọta 231,4 puku tọn ton na nkezi mkpụrụ nke 262,7 c / ha. N'afọ 2016, a na-akụ poteto na mpaghara mmepụta ihe na 9,6 puku hectare, nnukwu owuwe ihe ubi bụ 185,1 puku tọn, nkezi mkpụrụ bụ 194 c / ha.
Ụdị a na-akọkarị na mpaghara ahụ bụ: Rosara, Red Scarlett, Gala, Evolution, Impala, Tuleyevsky, Brook, wdg.
Ndị na-emepụta nduku kachasị na mpaghara ahụ bụ Agrofirma KRIMM LLC, Peasant Farm Druzhba LLC, Yasen-Agro LLC. Ha niile na-arụ ọrụ site na iji usoro teknụzụ dị elu nke oge a, nke na-enye ha ohere inweta mkpụrụ kachasị elu na Ural Federal District.
N'afọ 2019, ndị ọrụ ugbo Tyumen kụrụ poteto n'ihe dị ka hectare 8. Ebe ndị bụ isi na-eto eto: Armizonsky, Nizhnetavdinsky, Tyumensky, Uporovsky, Yurginsky, Yalutorovsky, Yarkovsky, yana Golyshmanovsky na Zavodoukovsky obodo mepere emepe. Owuwe ihe ubi malitere n'ime ụbọchị iri mbụ nke August (site na mgbe a kwadebere isiokwu a - 600/6.08.19/40 - a na-egbute poteto site na hectare 374. Site na mkpụrụ nke XNUMX cents kwa hectare, nnukwu owuwe ihe ubi dị ihe dị ka otu na ọkara. puku tọn).
A na-ere ihe ubi a na-esi na ya pụta (130-135 puku tọn dị mkpa maka oriri intraregional), ma na-enyekwa ndị agbata obi (na Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra, na Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Chelyabinsk na Sverdlovsk mpaghara. ). A na-ebupụkwa mbupụ na Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan na Uzbekistan.
KWESỊRỊ MAKA NDỊ KWESỊRỊ NKE NDUKE
Site na ntinye aka nke ego mmefu ego mpaghara, e wuru ọtụtụ ebe nchekwa nduku na mpaghara ahụ, nke ejiri ụzọ ọgbara ọhụrụ na-edobe ihe nchekwa dị mkpa na-akpaghị aka. Ihe na teknuzu isi nke ụlọ ọrụ pụrụ iche na cultivation na nchekwa nduku e modernized. E ji ígwè ọrụ ugbo na traktọ ndị dị adị ugbu a dochie anya ndị a pụrụ ịdabere na ya ma na-arụpụta nke ọma. A na-ebelata ojiji nke ọrụ aka na opekempe.
A na-enyekwa nkwado maka nduku na-eto eto na mpaghara ahụ n'ụdị nkwụghachi ụgwọ maka ịzụrụ mkpụrụ osisi elite, yana nkwụghachi ụgwọ nke akụkụ nke liming na ọgwụgwọ phosphorite nke ala acidic ezubere maka ịkụ poteto.
Nhọrọ na usoro
Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị si State Agrarian University nke Northern Trans-Urals na Research Institute of Agriculture nke Northern Trans-Ural na-etinye aka na nduku nhọrọ na mpaghara. N'ime ndepụta nke ihe ndị a rụzuru n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, mmadụ nwere ike ịhụ ụdị dị iche iche aha ya bụ Scout Nikolai Kuznetsov, nke ndị na-azụ anụ nke Mahadum Agrarian kere na 2016. Nduku a dabara nke ọma na ọnọdụ Siberia ma na-enye ezigbo owuwe ihe ubi ma n'ọnọdụ ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na n'oge mmiri; ụdị dị iche iche na-eguzogide ọtụtụ ọrịa, nwere uto magburu onwe ya na ọ naghị agba ọchịchịrị mgbe a kpochapụrụ ya, ma raw ma sie ya.
The Agricultural University nwere a nduku ozuzu laabu. Kemgbe 2018, ndị ọkachamara ya na-ekere òkè na ọrụ sayensị na teknụzụ zuru oke: "ịzụ, mmepụta mkpụrụ na nhazi nke ụdị nduku ụlọ dị na mpaghara Tyumen" yana ndị ahịa ọrụ - Agrofirm KRiMM LLC. Taa, ndị sonyere na-arụ ọrụ ngo na-eche ọrụ nke imepụta na iwebata n'ahịa ụdị poteto ọhụrụ abụọ dị iche iche. Oge mmejuputa oru ngo bu rue 2025.
Ọ dị mma ịmara na nke a abụghị ahụmahụ mbụ nke itinye aka na ọrụ ịzụlite maka ụlọ ọrụ ugbo "KRIMM". Ndị ọkachamara nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, yana UralNIISKH (onye na-azụ anụ - Dọkịta nke Sayensị Agricultural EP Shanina), kere ụdị poteto dị iche iche (Lux, Otrada, Bravo, Mishka, Gornyak), nke gụnyere na Ndebanye aha State nke Mmezu Mmezu.
Ụlọ ọrụ ugbo "KRIMM" na-etinyekwa aka na mmepụta mkpụrụ mbụ ma nwee ụlọ nyocha nke ya maka imepụta poteto mkpụrụ na-enweghị nje na ndabere nke meristem. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bụ otu n'ime ndị isi atọ na Russia n'ihe gbasara mmepụta nduku mkpụrụ. Ụlọ ọrụ ugbo na-enye ihe ọkụkụ ma n'ugbo na mpaghara na mpaghara ndị ọzọ: site na Krasnodar ruo Khabarovsk, yana mba ndị agbata obi.
Ugbo ndị ọzọ dị na mpaghara ahụ na-etinyekwa uche dị ukwuu na mmepe nke mmepụta mkpụrụ. Otu n'ime ha bụ ugbo ala ubi "Druzhba", nke na-eduzi mmepụta mkpụrụ na kọntaktị na Agrotechnological Institute nke State Agrarian University nke Northern Trans-Urals. E mepụtala ubi nnwale n'ugbo ahụ, a na-arụkọ ọrụ ịmụ nwa, a na-amụkwa ụdị ọhụrụ.
AKPỌ
N'afọ a, ụlọ ọrụ nhazi nduku nke Agrofirma KRIMM LLC ga-arụ ọrụ na mpaghara Tyumen. Nke a bụ otu n'ime ọrụ ntinye ego kachasị ukwuu na mpaghara ahụ, a na-eme ya site na nkwado nke gọọmentị mpaghara na nchịkwa nke mpaghara Uporovsky.
Atụmatụ ikike nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bụ puku tọn 30 nke akụrụngwa kwa afọ. Iji nye mmepụta na akụrụngwa, njide ọrụ ugbo mụbara ebe maka ịkụ poteto.
Osisi ahụ ga-abụ ọkachamara na mmepụta nke ngwaahịa ọhụrụ maka ahịa Russia: poteto esi nri nke ọkara nke nwere ihe mgbakwunye eke, yana peeled ọhụrụ, nke na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpuchi poteto ọhụrụ. Nkwakọ ngwaahịa na gram 400, kilogram abụọ na ọkara na ise ga-ekwe ka a na-eji ngwaahịa ndị emechara emecha ma na kichin ụlọ na ebe a na-eri nri, gụnyere ụlọ nri nke ụlọ akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ ọta akara. A na-eme atụmatụ na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ga-emepụta tọn 15 nke ngwaahịa emechara kwa afọ.
Ugbu a, a na-arụ ọrụ nhazi na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.
Reclamation of
Ọrụ mweghachi buru ibu na mpaghara Tyumen malitere na 50s nke narị afọ gara aga. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1992, e wuola ma rụkwaa ihe karịrị usoro mgbagha 120 na mpaghara ahụ. Mpaghara nke ala ubi a gbara mmiri bụ 12,4 puku hectare, na ala mmiri gbazere - 92,4 puku hectare. Mgbe ahụ, ogologo oge nke nlaazu bịara.
Ka ọ na-erule 2014, mpaghara ala mmiri gbara mmiri na mpaghara Tyumen bụ hectare 3 - nke a bụ ihe dịka 910% nke ihe ọkụkụ nduku na akwukwo nri nke ndị otu ọrụ ugbo nwere, ndị ọchụnta ego n'otu n'otu na ndị ọrụ ugbo. N'otu oge ahụ, ogo mmebi nke sistemu mweghachi n'ọtụtụ mpaghara karịrị 37%.
Mpaghara ahụ, nke na-arụsi ọrụ ike na-emepe emepe, chere ajụjụ banyere mkpa ọ dị iweghachi usoro drainage na ogbugba mmiri n'ubi.
Taa, mmemme ebumnuche gọọmentị etiti "Mmepe nke mweghachi nke ala ugbo na Russia maka 2014-2020" na-enyere aka belata oke nsogbu ahụ. na mmemme mpaghara maka mmepe nke nkwụghachi ala na mpaghara Tyumen, nke na-arụ ọrụ kemgbe 2016.
Site n'enyemaka nke Federal Target Programme, a na-arụ ọrụ Kukushkinskaya drainage system maka hectare 2 na mpaghara mpaghara ahụ, a na-etinye usoro mmiri mmiri na mpaghara ihe karịrị hectare 800 na ụlọ ọrụ ugbo. "KRIMM". Ebe a na-enweta mmiri maka ala ndị ọhụrụ a na-agba mmiri bụ ọdọ mmiri dị na Osimiri Chernaya, nke e wuru na mbụ.
ỌR TR
Na Tyumen mpaghara, e nwere asaa isi sonyere na yinye nke ugbo mmụta: State Agrarian University na isii ugbo oru ụlọ akwụkwọ: Tobolsk na Ishim multidisciplinary oru ụlọ akwụkwọ, Golyshmanovsky Agro-Pedagogical College, Yalutorovsk Agrotechnological College, Tyumen Forestry College na Zavodoukovsky Agro - Ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ.
State Agrarian University nke Northern Trans-Urals bụ a mpaghara center nke muta eme, nkà mmụta sayensị nkwado na mmepụta nke elu-tech ngwaahịa na agro-ụlọ ọrụ mgbagwoju.
Mahadum ahụ nwere ihe karịrị ụmụ akwụkwọ 4500 na ndị na-azụ ọzụzụ na oge niile, oge na oge ọmụmụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ ise:
- Ụlọ ọrụ Agrotechnological (ATI)
- Ụlọ ọrụ Teknụzụ Mechanical (MIT)
- Institute of Biotechnology and Veterinary Medicine (IB na VM)
- Ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ dị anya (IDE)
- Institute for Advanced Studies and Retraining (IPK na PC)
Ụmụ akwụkwọ mahadum na-enweta ọzụzụ bara uru na ọmụmụ ihe na ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-eduga dị ka ụlọ ọrụ Yubileiny, ụlọ ọrụ ugbo KRIMM, na Evika-Agro.
NKE NKE NDUKE
N'afọ 2011, na mpaghara Uporovsky nke mpaghara Tyumen, ndị ọrụ ugbo obodo wuru ihe ncheta maka ụdị nduku Zekura. Ihe ncheta ahụ bụ nduku dị mita abụọ. Ụlọ ọrụ ugbo Uporovsky "KRIMM" wuru ihe ncheta ahụ.
Ụlọ ọrụ Agro-Industrial Complex nke Tyumen Region kwadoro ihe a