Nri
Fatịlaịza nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị mee ka uto osisi dịkwuo elu, kamakwa na-ebuli ọnọdụ phytosanitary nke ihe ọkụkụ nduku n'ihe metụtara R. solani ma melite ogo nke tubers na-esi na ya pụta. Ntinye fatịlaịza ịnweta fatịlaịza zuru oke n'okpuru ihe ọkụkụ na-ebelata mmepe na mgbasa nke rhizoctoniosis n'ime akụkụ ala site na ugboro 1,2-1,6, ma na-abawanye mkpụrụ nke tubers dị mma site na 3-5 t / ha ma belata sclerotia bi na 1,3-1,5. ugboro.
Iwe ọkụ
Ìhè, na-emetụta osisi ndị ọbịa, nwere mmetụta ya na-apụtaghị ìhè na pathogen. Ịdị ike nke tubers ọkụ na-ebelata mmebi nke rhizoctonia nke pulitere site n'ịbawanye ọrụ ha dị mkpa. The germination nke tubers na ìhè na-eduga ná e guzobere pulite na a elu ọdịnaya nke akọrọ okwu na sucrose, a elu ọrụ nke oxidative enzymes, na njikọ nke mgbagwoju keerughi organic ogige, nke na-eme ka ha na-eguzogide ọrịa.
Nhọrọ dịgasị iche iche
Iwebata ụdị nduku na-eguzogide rhizoctoniosis n'ime mmepụta nwere ike ịbụ otu n'ime ụzọ kachasị dị irè, nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na ọnụ ala dị ala nke nchebe ihe ọkụkụ site na ọrịa a. Dị ka nsonaazụ nke nnyocha, ọ chọpụtara na ọ dịghị iche nnọọ eguzogide ọrịa a, ma na kwesịrị ekwesị set nke ugbo omume, ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka Zhukovsky n'oge, Lvovyanka, Tomich, Oredezhsky, Escort na Fresco nwere Njirimara. ihe kachasi ike na ntachi obi nye ndị bi na Siberia nke ero R. Solani.
Ọgwụgwọ nke akuku tubers
Ọbụlagodi na a na-ahụ usoro agrotechnical niile, mgbakwasa mkpụrụ osisi nduku ka bụ ụzọ dị mkpa, ebe ọ bụ na ugbu a ọ nweghị ihe ọ bụla nke ịkụ tubers dị mma, ero R. Solani adịghị emetụta ya. Opekempe larịị nke bi nduku mkpụrụ tubers bụ ugbu a 20%. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ọ dị mkpa iburu n'uche ikike nke ndị na-akpata ọrịa na-akpata na ala, nke na-erute 20 propagules kwa 100 g nke ala. Dabere na nyocha phytosanitary nke mkpụrụ osisi na ala, a na-eme mkpebi na mkpa maka ọgwụgwọ preplant nke tubers. Ọgwụ dị iche iche maka ejiji ihe ọkụkụ nduku na-agụnye ugbu a ngwaahịa ndu na fungicides sitere na kemịkal.
Data nyocha na-egosi na iji ihe nchebe Maxim 0,25 KS na-ebelata ihe ọkụkụ sitere na rhizoctoniosis, yana ọrịa nke akụkụ ala dị n'okpuru ala na ọrịa ahụ ugboro 1,5. Ná nkezi, fungicides na-enye mmụba nke mkpụrụ nke tubers dị mma na ọnụọgụ nke 2,5 t / ha, mana uru a nwere ike ịdịgasị iche dabere na ihe ọkụkụ bu ụzọ nduku.
Carekọ nlekọta
Ala nke ala, na-egbochi ikpo ọkụ nke ala, na-enye aka na mmeri nke ihe ọkụkụ site na rhizoctoniosis. N'ihi na eziokwu na causative gị n'ụlọnga nke ọrịa na-emetụta ọ bụghị nanị na-akọ osisi, kamakwa anụ ọhịa, ọtụtụ ahịhịa (thistle thistle, na-acha ọcha gauze, ugwu, wdg) bụ isi iyi nke ọrịa na agrocenosis. Ya mere, ọrụ bụ isi n'ilekọta poteto bụ ihe na-akụda mmụọ. Tupu mmalite nke seedlings, ọ dị mkpa iji mee 2 harrowings na nke atọ - maka seedlings. Ọzọkwa, n'ọgụ a na-alụso ahịhịa, a pụkwara iji ọgwụ herbicides mee ihe, nke na-enye ohere ọ bụghị nanị ikpochapụ ihe ndị dị na pathogen, kamakwa ịbawanye ihe ọkụkụ.
Ojiji nke ndị na-ahụ maka uto
Iji kwalite usoro uto, ịbawanye nguzogide nduku na rhizoctoniosis na ịdị mma nke ngwaahịa enwetara, a na-atụ aro ka a gwọọ tubers tupu ịgha mkpụrụ, osisi na oge ntoju - mmalite nke ifuru na ndị na-ahụ maka uto dabere na potassium ma ọ bụ sodium salts nke humic. Acids (potassium ma ọ bụ sodium humates, Beres-4, Gumostim), triterpene acid (Silk, Novosil, Verva), wdg.
Ọrụ nhicha
Ọ dị mkpa na-amalite owuwe ihe ubi ọ dịghị mgbe e mesịrị ka 7 ụbọchị mgbe ọnwụ ma ọ bụ mbibi nke n'elu, ebe ọ bụ na n'ihu ọnụnọ tubers na ala na-eduga na-abawanye na ha colonization na sclerotia nke ero.
Ndepụta nke akwụkwọ eji:
- Shaldyaeva E.M. Nleba anya nke rhizoctoniosis na nduku agroecosystems na Western Siberia / E.M. Shaldyaeva, Yu.V. Pilipova, N.M. Konyaev. - Novosibirsk, 2006. - 196 p.
- Shaldyaeva E.M. Nkwalite steeti phytosanitary nke ubi nduku na-eji mmiri rapeseed dị ka ahịhịa ahịhịa ndụ ndụ / E.M. Shaldyaeva, Yu.V. Pilipova, M.P. Shatunova // Nchekwa osisi na Siberia: Sat. sayensi tr. ndị nkuzi na ụmụ akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ngalaba nke nchekwa osisi. - Novosibirsk, 2003. - S. 77-83.
- Cubeta MA Biology biology nke Rhizoctonia Solani complex / MA Cubeta, R. Vilgalys // Phytopathology. - 1997. - V. 87. - P. 480-484.
- Kronland WC Usoro mmịfe dị ọcha maka nlele anastomosis na ọnọdụ nuklia Rhizoctonia solani / WC Kronland, ME Stanghelllini // Phytopathology. - 1988. - V. 78. - Р.820-822.
- Ogoshi A. Ecology and pathogenicity of anastomosis and intraspecific groups of Rhizoctonia solani Kűhn / A. Ogoshi // Ann. Mkpu. Phytopathol. - 1987. - V. 25. - P. 125-143.
- Ụdị Ogoshi A. Rhizoctonia na otu anastomosis na-ebute mgbọrọgwụ ire ere nke ọka wit na ọka bali na Pacific Nothwest / A. Ogoshi, RJ Cook, EH Bassett // Phytopathology. - 1990. - V. 80. - P. 784-788.
- Shaldiyeva EM Ọmụmụ ihe nhazi nke ala Siberia nke Rhizoctonia spp. / EM Shaldiyeva, YV Pilipova // Abstracts nke 4 International EFPP Symposium Diagnosis and Identification of Plant Pathogens. - Germany, Bonn, 1996. - P. 80.