Anyị na-aga n'ihu na mkparịta ụka banyere nsogbu dị ugbu a - rhizoctonia nduku.
Isi iyi nke ọrịa bụ osisi nduku na-arịa ọrịa na ahịhịa ụfọdụ. Ihe ndị bụ isi na-ebufe nje ahụ site n'afọ ruo n'afọ bụ ala na tubers nduku na-arịa ọrịa (ugboro nke nje nje site na tubers sitere na 29 ruo 70%). Nbufe nje n'oge oge na-apụta site na ala, yana site na basidiospores na oke iru mmiri (86-96% ma ọ bụ karịa) site na ụmụ irighiri mmiri ikuku, mana usoro a nwere ihe ọzọ dị mkpa.
Ya mere, mgbasa nke pathogen na ọdịdị na-eme n'ihi nchikota nke ala na usoro nnyefe tuber site n'afọ ruo n'afọ, na mgbakwunye ikuku n'oge oge. Dabere na nke a, iji chebe ihe ọkụkụ nduku site na rhizoctonia, ọ dị mkpa iji usoro na ụzọ ndị na-ebelata mbido mbụ nke ọrịa nje na ala na tubers.
Ngwa ziri ezi na ngwakọta nke usoro agrotechnical na kemịkalụ dị oke mkpa iji gbochie mmebi osisi site na ọrịa.
Iji gbochie mmepe nke ọrịa ahụ na osisi nduku, yana ọrịa nke tubers, ọ dị mkpa ka ị hụ ntụgharị ihe ọkụkụ ma weghachite poteto n'ebe mbụ ha tupu afọ 3-4. Nri poteto na-eto eto na ntụgharị ahịhịa mgbe nri ahịhịa ndụ gasịrị, soybeans, ọka na ahịhịa perennial na-ebelata mmepe nke rhizoctonia na-epulite, ị ga na tubers site ugboro 2,0-2,7.
Ọ bụrụ na ntụgharị ihe ọkụkụ agaghị ekwe omume, ọ dị mkpa iji ihe ọkụkụ nwere akụrụngwa phytosanitary megide onye na-akpata rhizoctonia dị ka ndị na-ebute ụzọ. Iji meziwanye ọnọdụ phytopathological na poteto, a na-atụ aro ka iji ọka, ọka perennial, ngwakọta ọka-ụka, karọt, lupine, soybean, ihe ọkụkụ kabeeji, na flax dị ka ihe ọkụkụ phytosanitary (precursors), nke na-egbochi mmepe nke R. Solani nke ukwuu. Kühn. n'ime ala.
Ihe ndabere maka iji ha eme ihe bụ na nje na-efe efe nke ọrịa nje na-adịru ogologo oge n'ime ala naanị n'ọnọdụ nke ezumike mmanye. Mgbọrọgwụ nzuzo nke ubi ugbo na-eguzogide pathogen nke nduku rhizoctonia na-akpalite germination nke propagules nke pathogen n'ime ala. N'okwu a, spores nke osisi parasaiti ha seedling hyphae, na-enweghị osobo a susceptible usu osisi, n'otu akụkụ anwụ. N'ihi na eziokwu na ala pathogens, dị ka a na-achị, nwere ike ịsọ mpi na-esighị ike ma e jiri ya tụnyere saprotrophic microorganisms nke ala, usoro dị otú ahụ na-eduga ná mbelata nke njupụta nke pathogen.
Na mgbakwunye, decomposing post-owuwe ihe ubi residues nke phytosanitary kụrụ aka na-abawanye na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke antagonist saprophytes na ala, nke n'aka nke na-akpata lysis nke nje owuwu nke pathogens, na-ewerekwa ọnọdụ pathogens na gburugburu ebe obibi niche.
A makwaara na ọka wit, ọka bali, ọka, rapeseed na mọstad bụ ndị na-emepụta ihe na-egbochi nje. Ya mere, osisi nke ezinụlọ cereal nwere n'ime cell sap purothionine, ụdị phenolic-ụdị ogige, benzoxazolinones, hordecine, furfrurol, gramine alkaloid, odo pigments, na kabeeji osisi nwere allyl mọstad, phenylethyl mọstad na crotonyl mọstad mmanụ, raphanin, cheirolin. nke na-egbochi uto nke microflora pathogenic.
Na Saịberịa, n'otu oge na-eto eto, mbelata kacha njọ na ọnụ ọgụgụ R. solani n'ime ala bụ ihe mmalite dị ka mkpụrụ rapeseed na mọstad Sarepta. Ka ọ na-erule ọnwa Mee nke afọ na-esote, n'ihi ntọhapụ nke ihe na-egbochi mmepe nke ero site na ihe fọdụrụ n'ihe ọkụkụ mebiri emebi, ọnụ ọgụgụ mgbasa nke rhizoctoniosis pathogen na-ebelata ugboro 2,0. Oats adịghị enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na nchacha ala, ma na-enyere aka mee ka ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-akpata ọrịa kwụsị. Ọka wit na ọka bali ọ bụghị naanị na-akwado nchịkọta nke pathogen n'oge oge na-eto eto, kamakwa na-eme ka ọ nọgidesie ike na ala ruo oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ ọzọ. Ya mere, site na echiche phytosanitary, ndị kacha buo ya ụzọ maka nduku bụ ndina n'oge opupu ihe ubi na Sarepta mọstad. Mgbe ị na-etinye ihe ọkụkụ na ọka, ọka bali na ọka wit, ọ dị mkpa iburu n'uche data gbasara nchịkọta nke onye na-akpata rhizoctonia na ala.
Ndepụta isi mmalite ejiri:
- Zeyruk V.N. Ịrụ ọrụ pụrụ iche akuku rotations na bilogized usoro maka ichebe nduku si ọrịa na pests / V.N. Zeyruk, V.M. Glez, S.V. Vasilyev, M.K. Derevyagina, V.I. Sedova, N.A. Gaitova, L.V. Dmitrieva // Nduku na-eto eto na mpaghara Russia: nsogbu sayensị na omume ugbu a. – M., 2006. – P. 38-47.
- Ivanyuk V.G. Ụzọ agrotechnical nke ịlụ ọgụ rhizoctonia nduku / V.G. Ivanyuk, O.T. Alexandrov, V. I. Kalach // Nchekwa na kwarantaini nke osisi. - 2001. - Nke 11. - P. 18-19.
- Ivanyuk V.G. Akụkụ nke ngosipụta nke rhizoctonia nduku na Belarus / V.G. Ivanyuk, O.T. Alexandrov // Mycology na phytopathology. – 2000. – T. 34, mbipụta. 5. - peeji 51-59.
- Loshakov V.G. Ntughari ihe ubi bụ njikọ dị mkpa na usoro ọrụ ugbo nke oge a / Loshakov V.G. // Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. - 2006. - Nke 5. - P. 23-26.
- Shaldyaeva E.M. Nleba anya nke rhizoctoniosis na nduku agroecosystems na Western Siberia / E.M. Shaldyaeva, Yu.V. Pilipova, N.M. Konyaev. - Novosibirsk, 2006. - 196 p.
- Shaldyaeva E.M. Nkwalite ọnọdụ phytosanitary nke ihe ọkụkụ nduku mgbe ị na-eji mmeko nwoke n'oge opupu ihe ubi dị ka ihe ọkụkụ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ / E.M. Shaldyaeva, Yu.V. Pilipova, M.P. Shatunova // Nchekwa osisi na Siberia: Sat. sayensi tr. ndị nkuzi na ụmụ akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ngalaba nke nchekwa osisi. - Novosibirsk, 2003. - P. 77-83
- Carling DE Mmetụta okpomọkụ nke virulence nke Rhizoctonia Solani na ndị ọzọ Rhizoctonia na poteto / DE Carling, RH Leiner // Phytopathology. - 1990. - V. 80, Nke 10. - P. 930-934.