Phosphorus n'ime ala bụ nnukwu ihe na-edozi ahụ achọrọ maka nri osisi. Ọ na-etinye aka na usoro metabolic dị ka photosynthesis, nyefe ume, njikọ na mmebi nke carbohydrates.
A na-achọta phosphorus n'ime ala n'ụdị ogige organic na mineral. Otú ọ dị, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke phosphorus dị ngwa ngwa dị ntakịrị ma e jiri ya tụnyere mkpokọta phosphorus dị n'ime ala. Ya mere, n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, a ghaghị itinye fatịlaịza phosphate iji gboo mkpa ihe ọkụkụ.
A na-ahụ phosphorus na ala ma organic na inorganic (mineral), na solubility ya na ala dị ala. Enwere nha n'etiti phosphorus siri ike na ala yana phosphorus na ngwọta ala. Osisi nwere ike were naanị phosphorus gbazere na ngwọta ala, ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ phosphorus dị n'ime ala dị n'ụdị ogige kemịkalụ kwụsiri ike, ọ bụ naanị obere phosphorus dị maka osisi n'oge ọ bụla.
Mgbe mgbọrọgwụ osisi na-ewepụ phosphorus site na ngwọta ala, a na-ahapụ ụfọdụ n'ime phosphorus na-adaba na akụkụ siri ike n'ime ala ngwọta iji nọgide na-enwe nguzozi. Ụdị ogige phosphorus dị na ala na-ekpebi nke ọma site na pH ala na ụdị na ọnụọgụ mineral dị na ala. Ngwakọta mineral nke phosphorus na-enwekarị aluminom, iron, manganese na calcium.
N'ime ala acidic, phosphorus na-emeghachi omume na aluminom, ígwè na manganese, ebe n'ime ala alkaline, a na-edozi calcium karịa. Oke pH kacha mma maka nnweta phosphorus kacha bụ 6,0-7,0. N'ọtụtụ ala, mwepu nke ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na ihe ọkụkụ na-enye aka na phosphorus dị na ala.
Osisi na-amịkọrọ phosphorus site na ngwọta ala n'ụdị orthophosphate ion: ma ọ bụ HPO4-2 ma ọ bụ H2PO4-. Oke nke ewelitere ụdị abụọ a bụ nke ala pH na-ekpebi, yana pH ala dị elu na-eburu HPO4-2 karịa. Njegharị nke phosphorus n'ime ala dị oke oke, yabụ na mgbọrọgwụ osisi nwere ike ịmịnye phosphorus site na gburugburu ebe obibi ha.
Ebe ọ bụ na ntinye nke phosphorus na ngwọta ala dị ala, ihe ọkụkụ na-eji ihe na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma megide gradient (ya bụ, ntinye nke phosphorus dị elu na mgbọrọgwụ karịa na ngwọta ala). Nri na-arụsi ọrụ ike bụ usoro ume ike, ya mere, ọnọdụ ndị na-egbochi ọrụ mgbọrọgwụ, dị ka obere okpomọkụ, oke mmiri, wdg, na-egbochikwa ịnweta phosphorus.
Mgbaàmà nke ụkọ phosphorus gụnyere mkpọnwụ na agba odo odo nke akwụkwọ ochie, mgbochi nke ifuru na mmepe mgbọrọgwụ. N'ọtụtụ osisi, ihe mgbaàmà ndị a na-apụta mgbe ntinye nke phosphorus na akwụkwọ dị n'okpuru 0,2%.
Mkpokọta phosphorus na-ebutekarị nnabata nke ihe ndị ọzọ dị ka ígwè, manganese na zinc. A na-enwekarị fatịlaịza na phosphorus karịrị akarị, ọtụtụ ndị na-akụ mkpụrụ na-etinye fatịlaịza phosphorus na-enweghị isi, ọkachasị mgbe ha na-eji fatịlaịza ngwakọta NPK ma ọ bụ mgbe ị na-eji phosphoric acid na-agba mmiri mmiri.
Ntinye uche nke phosphorus na ngwọta edozi bụ 30-50 ppm, n'agbanyeghị na achọpụtara na nke a nwere ike belata na 10-20 ppm. N'ihe ngwọta na-edozi ahụ nke na-aga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu, ntinye uche nwere ike ịdị ntakịrị ka 1-2 ppm.
N'ebe ndị na-enweghị ala, dị ka ọ dị na ala, phosphorus na-ewuli elu na mgbakwunye nke ọ bụla nke phosphorus, na mineral nke phosphorus na calcium ma ọ bụ magnesium na-amalite ịmalite. Ụdị mineral ndị a kpụrụ na-adabere na pH nke ọkara.
Nlele nke ala anaghị atụle mkpokọta phosphorus dị n'ime ala n'ihi na ọnụọgụ nke phosphorus dị dị obere karịa mkpokọta. Ọ naghị atụkwa phosphorus na ngwọta ala n'ihi na ọnụọgụ nke phosphorus dị na ngwọta ala na-adịkarị obere ma ọ naghị egosipụta nke ọma ọnụọgụ phosphorus nke ihe ọkụkụ nwere ike ịmalite n'oge oge ntoju.
Nnwale ala maka phosphorus bụ n'ezie metric nke na-enyere aka ịkọ mkpa ihe ọkụkụ nwere maka fatịlaịza. Ndụmọdụ fatịlaịza gbadoro ụkwụ na ọtụtụ nnwale ubi n'ọtụtụ ala na ihe ọkụkụ. Ụzọ ule dị iche iche na-arụpụta ụkpụrụ dị iche iche, nke a ghaghị ịkọwa ya.
Mana ọgba aghara ahụ anaghị akwụsị ebe ahụ - ụlọ nyocha dị iche iche na-eji otu usoro nnwale nwere ike ịkọwa otu ụkpụrụ ahụ n'ụzọ dị iche. Nlele ala nke ọma dị ezigbo mkpa iji nweta nsonaazụ na-egosipụta n'ezie ọkwa nke phosphorus dị.
Ebe ọ bụ na phosphorous anaghị agagharị n'ime ala, ihe nlele ndị a na-esi na ala dị n'elu na-egosikarị phosphorus karịa ihe ndị a na-esi na ala.
Ọtụtụ n'ime phosphorus etinyere na ala na-anọ n'ime sentimita 1-2 nke ngwa ahụ. Ya mere, kpọmkwem ebe a na-ewepụta ihe nlele ahụ nwere ike imetụta nsonaazụ ya.
Gụọ akụkọ ahụ zuru oke