Vladimir Groshev, Onye na-akwado Sayensị Agricultural,
Ndewo onye nduzi okike
("Italpollina S.p.A.") na Russia na CIS
Nkwado Organomineral maka uto ahụike
Ọ bụghị ihe nzuzo na ọ bụrụhaala na osisi ahụ na-anọgide na-esi ike ma dị mma, ọ bụ "ihe siri ike" maka ọtụtụ microorganisms na-emerụ ahụ. Nrụgide dị iche iche na-eduga na ike ọgwụgwụ nke turgor, microtraumas, ọkụ na, n'ihi ya, mmụba nke anụ ahụ osisi na pathogens.
Nsogbu ọzọ na-abụkarị nri na-adịghị mma, mgbe osisi na-ejupụta na fatịlaịza nitrogen, ma ezughị calcium, phosphorus na potassium, nke dị mkpa iji mee ka usoro cellular sikwuo ike.
Enwere ike iwepụ nsonaazụ ndị na-adịghị mma site na itinye nkwadebe na peptides na amino acid mgbe niile, nke na-abawanye nnabata nke nri site na nkeji iri na ise, na-abawanye arụpụtaghị ihe.
Osisi peptides na amino acids bụ ihe eji ewu ụlọ maka anụ ahụ osisi;
N'uche anyị, nkwadebe kachasị mma nke 100% peptides osisi na amino acid bụ ọgwụ ama ama maka ịdị irè ya dị elu. Ọzụzụ (1,5-3 l / ha) na mmiri kachasị ọhụrụ-soluble AQUAMIN (0,5-2 n'arọ / ha), nke nwere 62-66% nke peptides na amino acid, nke a na-enwetụbeghị ụdị ya maka hydrolysates osisi.
Na mgbakwunye na ọgwụ ndị a, enwere ike iji ngwaahịa abụọ ọzọ sitere na mpaghara Hello Nature maka mgbochi arụ ọrụ na njikwa mmepe ọrịa. Ọgwụ PHOSPITE-1 (2-3 l / ha) n'ihi ụbara potassium phosphite dị elu, na-akpata njikọ na-arụ ọrụ nke phytoalexins - ogige ndị na-arụ ọrụ nke ukwuu na-ebelata uto nke pathogens, na-egbochi ịmepụta spores, na-akpaghasị usoro metabolic nke microorganisms pathogenic. N'ụba nke mobile site na potassium na-enye ndim nke cell mgbidi na mpụga anụ ahụ, nke bụ irè anụ ahụ mgbochi na penetration nke pathogens.
N'ihe gbasara ntiwapụ nke ọrịa, usoro kachasị dị irè megide ụdị ọrịa dịgasị iche iche, gụnyere mbubreyo blight, powdery mildew, na ụdị ire ere dị iche iche, bụ nkwadebe kọntaktị-usoro nke nwere ọla kọpa. SKUDO (1,5-2,5 l / ha). A kwadoro ngwaahịa a maka iji ọrụ ugbo organic na enweghị oge nchere, nke dị oke mkpa ma ọ bụrụ na ọgwụgwọ dị mkpa na akụkụ ikpeazụ nke oge na-eto eto.
Alternating ma ọgwụ ọjọọ na-enyere aka ịnọgide na-enwe ahụ ike nke kụrụ na ntakiri na-eri, na-echebe ha si wakpo pathogens, ike ike nke osisi si n'ime, na-egbochi mmepe nke ọrịa.
Mkpuchi microbiological iji chebe owuwe ihe ubi
N'ihi ojiji a na-esiwanye ike nke ngwaahịa nchekwa osisi dị iche iche nke kemịkal, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'atụghị egwu na nke a na-achịkwaghị achịkwa, ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ nke a na-eduzi ha na-etolite nguzogide, ya bụ. iguzogide ọnụ ọgụgụ nke microorganisms pathogenic na ihe ndị na-egbubu ha. N'otu oge ahụ, mgbe a na-eme ọgwụgwọ kemịkalụ, ihe ndị bara uru nke bi na mpaghara enyere ma ọ bụ ala tupu ọbịbịa nke teknụzụ kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ, mana enweghị iguzogide mmetụta nsị, na-atakwa ahụhụ. Ya mere, n'ọtụtụ mpaghara ọrụ ugbo, ebe a na-apụta ebe microorganisms na-emerụ ahụ na-emetụta ya na nkwadebe fungicidal dị ntakịrị na-emetụta ya, nke na-agbakwụnye ihe isi ike n'ichekwa ihe ọkụkụ ma na-abawanye ọnụ ahịa nke òtù ọrụ ugbo maka mmepụta nke ihe ọkụkụ.
Ngwọta maka nsogbu nke ichekwa ihe ọkụkụ sitere na mmebi site na ọrịa fungal na nje bacteria, n'echiche anyị, nwere ike ịbụ ụdị microbiota dị oke egwu - trichoderma, nwee ike ịsọ mpi na gburugburu ebe obibi nke nje na-eguzogide ọgwụ na-enweghị ọgwụ fungicides.
Trichoderma bụ ụdị fungi nke a na-ahụ na ala niile. Ọtụtụ ụdị nke ụdị a bụ mycoparasites, ya bụ, ha na-eme ihe dị ka ndị na-ahụ maka ihe nchịkwa sitere n'okike megide ọtụtụ ihe ọkụkụ na-ebute ala (Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Phytophthora, Sclerotinia, Alternaria).
Trichoderma atroviride bụ otu n'ime ndị kacha mma maka ojiji na mmemme sistemu nchekwa osisi agbakwunyere. Trichoderma dị iche iche bụ ihe kachasị ike megide nje na n'otu oge ahụ na-anabata ọnọdụ ihu igwe na-adịghị mma, na-enye njikọ nke auxins na ihe ndị ọzọ na-akpali akpali, ma na-akwalite iwebata mycorrhiza ma ghara igbochi mmepe nke microorganisms bara uru.
Ndewo Nature nwere ọtụtụ ngwaahịa n'ụdị ya gụnyere ụdị dị oke mma Trichoderma atroviride na mkpokọta dị iche iche na njikọta na mycorrhiza ma ọ bụ nje bacteria bara uru. N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-elekwasị anya na nkwadebe trichodermal TIFI. Ọ bụ ntụ ntụ soluble mmiri nwere 2 x 108 CFU / g T. atroviride, nke akwadoro maka fertigation (1-2 kg / ha) na ọgwụgwọ ịgba (0,5-1 kg / ha).
N'ime oge 2019-21, n'ọtụtụ ugbo anyị mere nnwale mmepụta nke ọgwụ TIFI na akwụkwọ nri na mkpụrụ osisi dị iche iche. Karịsịa, na 2019, na mpaghara Gorodishchensky nke mpaghara Volgograd, e mere nnwale na ịgha mkpụrụ eyịm na otu ngwa TIFI na ọnụego 1 kg / ha site na fatịlaịza ma e jiri ya tụnyere njikwa akụ na ụba (Benazol SP, 6). kg / ha) na nkeji 3-akwukwo. Dị ka ọnọdụ nnwale ahụ si dị, paramita ndị ọzọ niile nke sekit ọkọnọ ike na nchebe bụ otu.
Ntụle nwa oge gosipụtara na nhọrọ TIFI nwere mmetụta na-arụsi ọrụ ike na nhazi nke mgbọrọgwụ siri ike na usoro akwukwo, nke nyere mmụba nke mkpụrụ site na 11 t / ha ma e jiri ya tụnyere nhọrọ akụ na ụba (mkpụrụ dị n'ọhịa bilitere na 104 t / ha). ). Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, atụmatụ TIFI nwere otu ọkwa nchebe nke eyịm si fusarium dị ka n'ụdị dị iche iche ebe a na-eji ngwaahịa nchebe osisi kemịkal. Na mgbakwunye, ihe ọkụkụ nwere nhọrọ nke iji TIFI tụgharịrị bụrụ ihe na-eguzogide (nsonaazụ nke ọrụ dị mkpa nke Trichoderma na oyi akwa) na ngosipụta nke ire ere na-ebilite n'oge nchekwa.
Nnyocha egosiwokwa na-agbakwụnye TIFI site na fertigation na ọtụtụ ọgwụgwọ foliar nke ihe ọkụkụ 1-2 ọnwa tupu owuwe ihe ubi, ọ na-eme ka ịta ahụhụ dị elu nke Trichoderma spores na mgbọrọgwụ olu ma ọ bụ mgbọrọgwụ mgbọrọgwụ tupu ịchekwa ihe ubi na nchekwa, nke na-enyere aka belata mfu nchekwa ma nweta uru akụ na ụba kachasị site na owuwe ihe ubi. ihe ubi.